Notes:

[1] The term “Max Delivery Rate” means “the maximum flow rate in which target temperature – typically 38°C — will be reached”.

[2] “At an input temperature of 20°C and a flow rate of 50 mL/min, the Warrior warmed over 3.5 L to an average temperature of 37.8°C. Flow rates of 100 and 200 mL/min increased total heated volume with small effect on the output temperature (4.3 and 4.8 L at 37.1°C and 36.1°C, respectively). This behaviour persists at an input temperature of 10°C—warming 2.6, 2.9 and 3.3 L to 36.9°C, 35.9°C and 34.4°C at flow rates of 50, 100 and 200 mL/min, respectively.” (Lehavi A, Yitzhak A, Jarassy R, et al. Emergency Med Journal, doi:10.1136/ emermed-2017-207112).

[3] E.g. hand pump; LifeFlow-like devices, etc.

[4] The cassette’s resiliency to sustain the extreme pressure that is often generated by intense push-pull resuscitation techniques need to be validated. It is recommended to consult with the manufacturer.

[5] The longer the distance, the more likely that fluids will get colder as they travel towards the patient, especially at low flows.

[6] Most probably 41°C output intended to compensate for long distance from the warming element to the patient.

[7] To facilitate warming during interfacility and intrafacility transports.

[8] Rounded Tier 4 volume price. Lower-cost option coming soon, regulatory permitting (est. $20 at Tier 4 volume)

[9] QinFlow’s estimate based on its market research; the highest price is for the high-flow set; the stated prices have not been confirmed by the manufacturer